Forever Chemicals’ Crisis Threatens US Drinking Water

A national study has revealed alarming levels of “forever chemicals” in U.S. groundwater, highlighting the urgent need for action to address this growing public health threat. Known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), these synthetic compounds are found in everyday items like nonstick cookware, firefighting foams, and water-resistant fabrics.

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) estimates that 71 to 95 million Americans may rely on groundwater contaminated with detectable levels of PFAS for drinking water. Dubbed “forever chemicals” due to their resistance to breakdown, PFAS have been linked to chronic health problems, including cancer and fertility issues.

According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), PFAS have been detected in 7,237 public water systems across the country. The agency recently established its first enforceable standards for PFAS in drinking water, aiming to reduce exposure for 100 million people. The regulations also include $1 billion in funding for testing and treatment.

Experts warn that contamination levels may be higher than current estimates. USGS researchers tested 1,238 groundwater samples and found PFAS in both public and private wells, with contamination most prevalent in urban areas and shallow wells. Andrea Tokranov, a USGS hydrologist, called the findings “a significant wake-up call” for prioritizing testing and treatment.

Florida, California, and Massachusetts are among the states most affected by PFAS contamination in public water supplies. In Michigan, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania, private wells are particularly vulnerable. Residents relying on private water sources often face challenges in accessing affordable testing and filtration systems.

As new research uncovers innovative ways to combat PFAS, including bacteria capable of breaking down these chemicals, collaboration between private companies, public agencies, and researchers will be crucial. Experts like Brian McCowin emphasize the importance of public-private partnerships to accelerate water treatment solutions and safeguard public health.

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